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E.g., 04/29/2024
Country Resource - Canada
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Canada

CA
  • Population........................................................................38,516,736 (2023 est.)
  • Population growth rate ................................................................0.73% (2023 est.)
  • Birth rate..................................................10.11 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
  • Death rate.................................................8.17 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
  • Net migration rate.................................5.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
  • Ethnic groups*..................................Canadian 15.6%, English 14.7%, Scottish 12.1%, French 11%, Irish 12.1%, German 8.1%, Chinese 4.7%, Italian 4.3%, First Nations 1.7%, Indian 3.7%, Ukrainian 3.5%, Metis 1.5% (2021 est.)

* Percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic origin

CIA World Factbook

Profile
September 15, 2011

Canada's Immigration Policy: a Focus on Human Capital

Canada has long been a country of net immigration and has designed its current immigration policy around attracting highly educated and skilled migrants for entry into its labor force. In this country profile, Ashley Challinor discusses the challenges associated with this approach and provides a sense of the actual scale and nature of migration into Canada.

Recent Activity

Top Ten
December 4, 2008
Warming up to Circular Migration?

Circular migration means a continuing, long-term pattern of international mobility. The European Union set up two pilot programs in 2008 that seek to facilitate this type of movement.

Top Ten
December 3, 2007
Integration Means Belonging

All the nuanced meanings of "belonging" describe integration trends in industrialized countries in 2007, including the United States, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and Germany.

Feature
November 12, 2007
Canada's Temporary Migration Program: A Model Despite Flaws

In response to an agricultural worker shortage over 40 years ago, Canada initiated a temporary migration program to brings workers from the Caribbean and later Mexico. But this "model" program also has its drawbacks, as Tanya Basok of the University of Windsor explains.

Feature
May 18, 2007
Selecting Economic Stream Immigrants through Points Systems

The U.S. Congress is considering a bill that includes a points system for permanent immigration. MPI's Demetrios G. Papademetriou outlines how points systems work, which countries have used them, their political benefits, and trends in points-system use.

January 1, 2007
The “Brain Gain” Race Begins with Foreign Students

The United States has been a destination for education and research for generations of foreign students and scholars. MPI's Jeanne Batalova explores why the country has become less dominant in the global education market in recent years.

Feature
April 1, 2006
Canada: A Northern Refuge for Central Americans

Although most Central American refugees sought protection in the United States, Canada admitted thousands of Central American refugees in the 1980s. María Cristina García of Cornell University takes a detailed look at Central Americans in Canada

Feature
April 1, 2006
Central America: Crossroads of the Americas

Many migratory streams from Central America — including refugees, economic migrants, and transit flows headed north from South America and elsewhere — have converged in North America since the 1980s. Sarah J. Mahler and Dusan Ugrina of Florida International University outline the region's main trends.

Profile
November 1, 2005
Canada: Policy Changes and Integration Challenges in an Increasingly Diverse Society
A steady stream of research since the 2001 census has highlighted the ways in which Canada is changing socially and demographically. In this updated profile, Brian Ray of the University of Ottawa examines debates over highly skilled migrants, the latest refugee numbers, and integration trends.
Feature
January 1, 2005
Placing American Emigration to Canada in Context

Audrey Kobayashi of Queen's University and Brian Ray of the University of Ottawa look at the likelihood of Americans leaving home in response to the recent elections.

Feature
August 1, 2003
Security at U.S. Borders: A Move Away from Unilateralism?
MPI Policy Analyst Deborah Waller Meyers examines the Smart Border agreements signed by the U.S. with Canada and Mexico in the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks.

Pages
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Reports
July 2012

Understanding 'Canadian Exceptionalism' in Immigration and Pluralism Policy

This report examines Canada’s striking openness and optimism towards immigration and multiculturalism. Juxtaposing the widespread support of immigration among Canadian citizens with growing anti-immigrant sentiment and opposition to multicultural policies across Europe and the United States, the author seeks to uncover the reasons behind this Canadian “exceptionalism.”
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Reports
February 2012

Multiculturalism: Success, Failure, and the Future

This report challenges the recent rhetoric and addresses the advancement of policy areas for countries, examining factors that impede or facilitate successful the implementation of multiculturalism. When these facilitating conditions are present, multiculturalism can be seen as a low-risk option, andhas worked well in such cases.  

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Reports
October 2008

Hybrid Immigrant-Selection Systems: The Next Generation of Economic Migration Schemes

This report examines the advantages and disadvantages of two fundamentally different approaches to economic migrant selection—demand driven and employer led systems and human-capital-accumulation focused and government led systems, best illustrated by “points systems,” which apportion numerical values to desirable human-capital characteristics.

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Reports
September 2005

Education and Immigrant Integration in the United States and Canada

This volume of essays looks at the education and immigrant integration efforts in both the United States and Canada.

Pages